Black Muslims found America before Columbus - Page 3

SOLOMON · (#51 (**permalink**))

, but I just don't like how rosey this thread is in regards to Africa's history with Islam.

I believe this sould read, ISLAMIC ARABS.

SOLOMON · (#52 (**permalink**))

tobitrice wrote:

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Muslims had ruled Spain for over 700 years dominating Europe culturally, educationally and economically.

I dont think so!

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THE MOORS IN EUROPE

By RUNOKO RASHIDI

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----------

It would not be inaccurate to say that the Moors helped reintroduce
Europe to civilization. But just who were the Moors of antiquity
anyway? As early as the Middle Ages, and as early as the seventeenth
century, "The Moors were," according to the Oxford English
Dictionary, "commonly supposed to be mostly black or very swarthy,
and hence the word is often used for negro." Dr. Chancellor Williams
stated that "The original Moors, like the original Egyptians, were
Black Africans."

At the beginning of the eighth century Moorish soldiers crossed over
from Africa into Spain, Portugal, and France, where their swift
victories became the substance of legends. To the Christians of
early Europe there was no question regarding the ethnicity of the
Moors, and numerous sources support the view that the Moors were a
black-skinned people. Morien, for example, is the adventure of a
heroic Moorish knight supposed to have lived during the days of King
Arthur. Morien is described as "all black: his head, his body, and
his hands were all black." In the French epic known as the Song of
Roland the Moors are described as "blacker than ink."

William Shakespeare used the word Moor as a synonym for African.
Christopher Marlowe used African and Moor interchangeably. Arab
writers further buttress the Black identity of the Moors. The
powerful Moorish emperor Yusuf ben-Tachfin is described by an Arab
chronicler as "a brown man with wooly hair."

Black soldiers, specifically identified as Moors, were actively
recruited by Rome, and served in Britain, France, Switzerland,
Austria, Hungary, Poland, and Romania. St. Maurice, patron saint of
medieval Europe, was only one of many Black soldiers and officers
under the employ of the Roman Empire.

SOURCES:
Golden Age Of The Moor, Edited by Ivan Van Sertima
Natures Knows No Color-Line, by J.A. Rogers

Also see: THE MOORISH CONQUEST OF SPAIN
and: THE INFLUENCE OF THE MOORS IN SPAIN AND PORTUGAL
and: THE MOORS IN ANTIQUITY: A BIBLIOGRAPHY

MOORS[img]http://rds.yahoo.com/S=96062883/K=moorish+chief/v=2/SID=e/l=IVI/SIG=11uam9kqu/EXP=1105303357/*-http%3A//www.firstartsource.com/Art/1401.jpg[/img]

[img]http://rds.yahoo.com/S=96062883/K=moorish+chief/v=2/SID=e/l=IVI/SIG=11obp0og9/EXP=1105303444/*-http%3A//www.postcardman.net/42430.jpg[/img]
Ould Haida (Emir Sid Ahmed Ould Haida), Moorish Rebel Chief captured by French Colonel Patey. Wounded, he was brought back to Saint-Louis (Senegal) in January 1912

TAUREGS

Moorish native preparing his camel

Moorish native

M'Bout : Group of Moorish natives

Moorish native

SENEGAL - Saint Louis : Moorish native women

Moorish natives arriving in Saint-Louis (Senegal)

ACTUAL PICS FROM POSTCARDS FROM MAURITANIA

Your most sincere and loyal servant
suleiman= wise abdul = servant of
Rahman = The Benificent or The Doer of Good
so, the wise servant of, The Doer of Good
"Pluto sits out there, but still just a touch of the Sun moves her."

SOLOMON · (#53 (**permalink**))

CINQUE wrote:

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Now Solomon, when I said NOI trash did I mention you? NO. But it seems you have a guilty conscience about something.
The twisted ass NOI believe that Elijah Muhammad was the last prophet WRONG! (how silly OF YOU), when it clearly states in the HOLY QUR'AN

"O people! Muhammad has no sons among ye men, but verily, he is the Messenger of Allah and the last in the line of Prophets. And Allah is aware of everything." (33:40). The TRUE PROPHET of Islam warned of this danger explicitly, "The Hour will not come...until thirty "dajjals" (liars) appear, each one claiming to be a messenger from Allah." (Sahih Bukhari, Sahih Muslim)

The TRUE PROPHET OF ISLAM Muhammad Ibn Abdullah, also observed: "The tribe of Israel was guided by prophets. When a prophet passed away, another succeeded him. But no prophet will come after me; only caliphs will succeed me." (Sahih Bukhari).

If you say you believe in the QUR'AN then you must know that Elijah Muhammad is a false prophet

SO SIR, YOU WERE REFERRING TO "MOI".

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FYI - MR. MUHAMMAD CLAIMED TO BE A "MEESSENGER", WHICH IS DISTINCTLY DIFFERENT THAN A "PROPHET

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".

SOLOMON · (#54 (**permalink**))

Thoth B3 wrote:

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=============

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No, West Africans had been travelling to the Americas long before Islam was ever invented.

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--Thoth B3

EXCERTS FROM THE QUR'AN...

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003.033
YUSUFALI: Allah did choose Adam and Noah, the family of Abraham, and the family of 'Imran above all people,-

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005.027
YUSUFALI: Recite to them the truth of the story of the two sons of Adam. Behold! they each presented a sacrifice (to Allah): It was accepted from one, but not from the other. Said the latter: "Be sure I will slay thee." "Surely," said the former, "Allah doth accept of the sacrifice of those who are righteous.

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020.009
YUSUFALI: Has the story of Moses reached thee?

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002.087
YUSUFALI: We gave Moses the Book and followed him up with a succession of messengers; We gave Jesus the son of Mary Clear (Signs) and strengthened him with the holy spirit. Is it that whenever there comes to you a messenger with what ye yourselves desire not, ye are puffed up with pride?- Some ye called impostors, and others ye slay!

CINQUE · (#55 (**permalink**))

So Elijah Muhammad was a Messenger (still silly), then who was he sent by? let me guess Allah in the form of that con man FRAUD MUHAMMAD, who was supposedly the living embodiment of ALLAH. (SHIRK). I wrote extensively on this topic in previous threads, too long to repeat.

Shemsi en Tehuti · (#56 (**permalink**))

SOLOMON wrote:

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, but I just don't like how rosey this thread is in regards to Africa's history with Islam.

I believe this sould read, ISLAMIC ARABS.

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================

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In most instances yes, but there were accounts of a few groups of Africans (the Fulani, ancestors of the Peul) were merely converted to Islam, but saw it as their Muslim-duty to assist the Arabs in the slave-raid kidnapping.

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And today we have the Sudan where many Africansare taking part in the persecution of their own people. This is not anything new, it has been present for well over 1000 years because of Islam.

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--Thoth B3

Shemsi en Tehuti · (#57 (**permalink**))

SOLOMON wrote:

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EXCERTS FROM THE QUR'AN...

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003.033
YUSUFALI: Allah did choose Adam and Noah, the family of Abraham, and the family of 'Imran above all people,-

Quote:

005.027
YUSUFALI: Recite to them the truth of the story of the two sons of Adam. Behold! they each presented a sacrifice (to Allah): It was accepted from one, but not from the other. Said the latter: "Be sure I will slay thee." "Surely," said the former, "Allah doth accept of the sacrifice of those who are righteous.

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020.009
YUSUFALI: Has the story of Moses reached thee?

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002.087
YUSUFALI: We gave Moses the Book and followed him up with a succession of messengers; We gave Jesus the son of Mary Clear (Signs) and strengthened him with the holy spirit. Is it that whenever there comes to you a messenger with what ye yourselves desire not, ye are puffed up with pride?- Some ye called impostors, and others ye slay!

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=================

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No disrespect to you brother Solomon, but anyone can write something down and say it is "God's Word." I have gotten berated by Christians who think that if they quote enough scripture, then they have added substance to their fragile arguments.

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I am not saying that this is you, but I am not convinced by yet anotherbook, written by yet another person hearing voices from God, who's religious foundation is yet again aperverted ideology based onoriginal African thought.

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In those regards, I feel that Islamis no different from Christianity, Hebrewism, or Hinduism.

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--Thoth B3

Omaar · (#58 (**permalink**))

Cinque

Wa'Lakum Salaam Rah'matullah

Check you inbox ahkiniceone.gif

Mali Songhai and Ghana
Kingdoms built on trade

Mineral resources--gold and salt--were the major reason for the trade that built the wealth and power of the West African kingdoms of Ghana, Mali, and Songhai. The location of these kingdoms gave them access to generous supplies of both these valuable resources.

The earliest West African kingdom was Ghana. It was located just north of the gold mines in the African rain forest and just south of the salt mines in the Sahara. Muslim Arabs living near the north African coast wanted the gold available in the south. The people of the south, living inland in the hot and salt less rain forest, needed salt to survive. As a result, a lively trade grew up between the north and south.

The trade route crossed the trackless wastes of the Sahara, which had to be navigated, almost like a sea. Surrounding the desert were inland "ports,' places where camel caravans would form to travel together to a common destination. Traveling in groups was necessary as protection against robbery along the wary. Some caravans had as many as 12,000 camels. Using the stars or familiar rocks, pilots would guide the caravans along routes that took them to oases, where they could replenish their water supplies. These slow-moving processions could take up to six months to reach their destination, another inland "port" across the desert.

Over the centuries, trade expanded both in types of goods traded and in ports reached. Koala nuts and slaves from the south were tracded for manufactured goods, foods, and horses from the north. Trade routes were extended to seaports along the Mdeiterranean Sea and the Atalntic Ocean, opening West African trade to Europe.

This vital trade was helped by the prosperous kingdoms of West Africa. To the arabs of the north, Ghana became known as the "Land of Gold" and its ruler, the "King of Gold." He was the richest and most powerful leader in what the Arabs called the "Land of the Blacks."

Later, Mali grew even stronger and richer than Ghana. It too amazed and impressed the Muslim Arabs. When making a pilgrimage from Tombouctou to Mecca, Mali' great leader Mansa Musa was accompanied by 60,000 people. Among the pilgrims were 500 slaves, each carying a 4 pound bar of gold. Mana Musa spent the gold freely along his route. It is said that all this lavish spending along the route through Egypt and Arabia depressed the value of gold there for al least 12 years.

Songhai carried on Ghana's and Mali's trading tradition. In the end, though, salt and gold helped bring down the kingdom of Songhai. Relations between Songhai and Morocco to the north became strained. Morocco was eager to displace Songhai as the leader in the Saharna trade and to get the gold that Shonghai controlled. Furthermore, Morocco claimed sole right to a valuable Shararan salt mine that was vital to Songhai's survival. In the late 1500s -early 1600's, Moroocco attacked Songhai and destroyed it.

http://killeenroos.com/6/goldtrad.htm

blkafroblkclapCome on bruth Thoth.....show and prove...show and tell.

Omaar · (#59 (**permalink**))

Islam in Mali

Muslims make up approximately 90 percent of the population of Mali, the largest country in the West Africa. The majority of Muslims in Mali are Sunni. They live harmoniously with five percent of the population that is Christian and the rest who practice traditional indigenous religions or no religion. In Mali Islam and democracy prosper together. The majority of citizens practice their religion daily

History
During the 9th century, Muslim Berber and Tuareg merchants brought Islam southward into West Africa. Islam also spread in the region by the founders of Sufi brotherhoods (tarika). Conversion to Islam linked the West African savannah through belief in one God and similar new forms of political, social and artistic accouterments. Cities like Timbuktu, Gao and Kano became international centers of Islamic learning.

The most significant of the Mali kings was Mansa Musa (1312-1337) who expanded Mali influence over the large Niger city-states of Timbuktu, Gao, and DjennÃ©. Mansa Musa was a devout Muslim who built magnificent mosques all throughout the Mali sphere of influence; his gold-laden pilgrimage to Mecca made him an historical figure even in European history writing. It was under Mansa Musa that Timbuktu became one of the major cultural centers not only of Africa but of the entire world.

History of tolerance
Islam as practiced in the country is tolerant and adapted to local conditions. Women participate in economic and political activity, engage in social interaction, and generally do not wear veils. Islam in Mali has absorbed mystical elements, ancestor veneration and the traditional animist beliefs that still thrive. Many aspects of Malian traditional society encourage norms consistent with democratic citizenship, including tolerance, trust, pluralism, the separation of powers and the accountability of the leader to the governed.

Relations between the Muslim majority and the Christian and other religious minorities--including practitioners of traditional indigenous religions--generally are amicable. Adherents of a variety of faiths may be found within the same family. Many followers of one religion attend religious ceremonies of other religions, especially weddings, baptisms, and funerals.

Foreign Islamic preachers operate in the north, while mosques associated with Dawa (an Islamist group) are located in Kidal, Mopti, and Bamako. Dawa has gained adherents among the Bellah, who were once the slaves of the Tuareg nobles, and also among unemployed youth. The interest these groups have in Dawa is based on a desire to dissociate themselves from their former masters, and for the youth, to find a source of income. The Dawa sect has a strong influence in Kidal, while the Wahabi movement has been growing in Timbuktu. The country's traditional approach to Islam is peaceful and moderate, as reflected in the ancient manuscripts from the former University of Timbuktu.

In August 2003, there was a conflict in the village of Yerere when traditional Sunni practitioners attacked Wahhabi Sunnis, who were building an authorized mosque.

Other foreign missionary groups are Christian groups that are based in Europe and engaged in development work, primarily the provision of health care and education.

Status of Religious Freedom
The Constitution provides for freedom of religion, and the Government generally respects this right in practice. The Government at all levels generally protects this right in full, and does not tolerate its abuse, either by governmental or private actors. There is no state religion; the Constitution defines the country as a secular state and allows for religious practices that do not pose a threat to social stability and peace.

The Government requires that all public associations, including religious associations, register with the Government. However, registration confers no tax preference and no other legal benefits, and failure to register is not penalized in practice. The registration process is routine and is not burdensome. Traditional indigenous religions are not required to register.

Foreign missionary groups operate in the country without government interference. Muslims and non-Muslims may proselytize freely.

Family law, including laws pertaining to divorce, marriage, and inheritance, are based on a mixture of local tradition and Islamic law and practice.

During presidential elections held in April and May 2002, the Government and political parties emphasized the secularity of the state. A few days prior to the elections, a radical Islamic leader called on Muslims to vote for former Prime Minister Keita. The High Council of Islam, the most senior Islamic body in the country, severely criticized the statement and reminded all citizens to vote for the candidate of their choice.

In January 2002, the High Council was created to coordinate religious affairs for the entire Muslim community and standardize the quality of preaching in mosques. All Muslim groups recognize its authority.

The Great Mosque of DjennÃ©,
the largest mud brick building in the world, is considered the greatest achievement of the Sudano-Sahelian architectural style

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam_in_Mali